A flashlight is a device which is powered by batteries and emits light when switched on. Flashlights contain an electric bulb that works on direct current drawn from batteries located within the device. A concave reflector behind the bulb helps focus the beam of light emanating from the torch when it is switched on.
The first flashlight was designed by Joshua Cowen in the 1890s with the aim of lighting up flower pots. Unfortunately his idea was not successful, but Conrad Hubert took up this idea commercially and founded the American Ever Ready Company to manufacture batteries and flashlights. Early versions of the flashlight did not have much residual power and were primarily used by New York City policemen on their beats. They provided valuable feedback which led to refinements in design. These early flashlights had zinc-carbon batteries which could not be used for a long duration – they had to be switched off for the charge to be replenished before being used again. Early adaptations of flashlights were used by miners working in underground mines, and these were mounted on their safety helmets and were connected to batteries in their belts.
Today’s flashlights have many names such as torches, emergency lights and penlights. The size of the modern flashlight ranges from a miniscule LED (Light Emitting Diode) to a large flashlight used on ships. Modern day exit signs work on the same principle as emergency flashlights. These exit signs automatically light up when the power supply is cut off and help people to locate the nearest exit in buildings.
Flashlights have indeed come a long way since their invention and are found integrated into mobile phones and key chains. Flashlights are handy devices that help illuminate the keyholes of cars and light up houses and other dark areas. There are special types of flashlights which help soldiers see in the dark. These flashlights are fitted onto rifles or guns. When aimed at a target they illuminate a tiny spot on the target which helps improve firing accuracy. Powerful undersea flashlights help divers view underwater flora and fauna as well as assist in underwater search and rescue operations. Firemen use special flashlights which are heat resistant. Flashlights today have a rechargeable option, and some have self-generating power mechanisms like a dynamo and are fitted on bicycles.
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